1. Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for
Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
2. State
Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,
School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
3. School
of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
4. Department
of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
5. Institute
of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
6. Laboratory
for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric
and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
7. School
of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
8. Department
of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada