1. Clean Synthetic Methodologies Group and ‡National Interuniversity Consortium “Chemistry for Environment” (INCA), Unit PR2, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, I-43100 Parma, Italy
2. This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (3), 1077−1104, DOI: 10.1021/cr040695c; Published (Web) February 14, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type.