1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, NASA-Ames Research Center, M/SS: 239-11, Moffett Field, California 94035-1000, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada 89557