1. Central Research Laboratory, Fancl Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0806, Japan; Department of Applied Biological Science, Fukuyama University, 985 Sanzo, Higashimura-machi, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; and Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan