1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
2. Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
3. Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
5. State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China