1. Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
2. DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
4. Organometallics and Nanomaterials, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa