1. NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
2. Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
3. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
4. Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore
5. School of Engineering, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430000, China