1. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
2. Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Porter School of Earth and Environmental Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
4. Research Institute for Environment, Energy and Economics, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, United States
5. Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States