1. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
2. Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), 6100 Main Street, MS 6398, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
3. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
4. Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion 8499000, Israel