1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3. School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 102612, China
4. College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
5. Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China