1. www.toadspad.net/toad-history.html, History of Fire Fighting, 9-12-12.
2. http://www.miamiokla.net/Fire/FirePrevention.html, City of Miami, Fire Department, 9-12-12.
3. Van Buskirk, E. F. Smith, E. L. Nourse, W. L. The Science of Everyday Life;Houghton Mifflin Company:Boston, MA,1938.
4. Karter, M. J., Jr. Fire Loss in the United States During 2009; August2010,www.nfpa.org.