1. Department of Materials Engineering, Nagaoka National College of Technology, Nishikatagai, Nagaoka, 940-8532 Japan, Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, 441-8580 Japan, Honda R&D Co. Ltd. Fundamental Technology Research Center,1-4-1 Chuo, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0193 Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, 940-2188 Japan