1. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Departments of Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, and Biotechnology Application and Research Center, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey; Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Art and Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61080, Turkey; and Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey