1. Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Motoyamakita, Higashinada, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, and School of Chemistry, Oxford Road, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom taknaito@kobepharma-u.ac.jp