Burnout in Psychiatrists: An Etiological Model

Abstract

Objective: This article reviews burnout in psychiatrists. A model of burnout is presented which considers three factors: those which may predispose, precipitate, and perpetuate burnout. Lastly, recommendations are made for future research. Methods: We conducted a selective literature review to expand on two recent systematic reviews to examine the etiology, prevalence, and consequences of burnout in psychiatrists. We distinguish the effects of burnout, depression, and work-related stress. Results: An etiological model for the development of burnout in psychiatrists is described here in terms of an interaction between the predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors. Conclusions: Research is needed on the long-term effects of work-place stress on psychiatrists, to identify possible protective factors, and to utilize this information to inform the design of interventions that protect or mitigate the effects of work-place stress on psychiatrists.