Coping with Life-Threatening Illness: A Task Model

Abstract

For many years Rubier-Ross' stage theory of dying has been the predominant model, at least popularly, in the field of thanatology. Yet this model has sustained considerable criticisms. This article reviews criticisms of the stage model. It suggests that a new model would need to widen consideration of the range of coping mechanisms that individuals employ as they struggle with life-threatening illnesses; emphasize that no style of coping is inherently preferable; reaffirm the individuality of responses; and recognize the complexity of the process of life-threatening illness. The article proposes that a more effective model for understanding coping with life-threatening illness would emphasize the varied tasks that individuals face at each phase of illness.