Socio-Economic Well-Being of the Population of Kazakhstan: Assessment and Analysis of Gender Differences in Wages

Abstract

For the Kazakhstani labor market, as well as for all world countries, the issue of gender inequality is relevant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current level of employment among men and women in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks were set: to study the structure of employment in the regional aspect in terms of gender; to analyze the gap in the payment of average wages between men and women on the basis of the method of calculation proposed by the International Labor Organization; analyze the types of economic activity by the share of employed men and women and by the size of the average wage; consider the areas of economic activity with the highest wages. In the study and analysis of the factor of gender differences, a theoretical and empirical analysis was used. The analytical information from various sources of both local and international studies was studied. National statistics on demographics, socio-economic development and human development for the country as a whole, international and regional comparative statistics and indicators in the field of gender equality and women’s empowerment were studied. A conclusion is proposed about the existing dependence of the level of average wages of women and men on the type of economic employment in which they are involved. The results of this study will substantiate the current state of employment and wages among men and women in the Republic of Kazakhstan.