1. PhD, School of Political Science and Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Juridical Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Campus Santiago, and Millennium Nucleus Center for the Study of Politics, Public Opinion and Media in Chile (MEPOP, NCS2021_063), Chile
2. PhD, Center for Migratory Studies, University of Santiago de Chile (USACH). School of Public Administration, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad Mayor, Chile