Presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in pigs for consumption - one health challenge - Literature review

Abstract

Pig farming is an area of livestock that has been developing the most in Brazil and the world, with production increasing every year, generating jobs, and being of great importance for the Brazilian economy. In swine production, great health enables these animals to reach their highest point of development and antimicrobials are used, either prophylactically or through food, as growth promoters. Within swine culture, there is a concern regarding antibiotic-resistant bacteria; however, Staphylococcus spp. do not receive the necessary prominence in research, since the pathologies caused by them do not tend to cause great economic losses. Therefore, this review aimed to highlight the importance of bacterial resistance within breeding stock, its possible origins, the importance of Staphylococcus spp. within this topic, and its evolution in swine farming over the years. For this, studies were selected, with an emphasis on information such as country, number of samples, presence of Staphylococcus spp. resistant to methicillin, breeding phase, and phenotypic and molecular tests. In addition, publications were selected that show the importance of understanding the biological and resistance profiles of Staphylococcus spp. in swine herds in Brazil and around the world.