Affiliation:
1. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after. M.G. Safronova; Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
2. Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture named after. M.G. Safronova
Abstract
The results of the analysis of genetic characteristics for 15 microsatellite loci of the modern population of Yakut cattle of the gene pool enterprise of the State Enterprise of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) “Yakut Cattle” are presented. Yakut aboriginal cattle, considered one of the unique local breeds in Russia, are represented by a small population. It is distinguished by exceptionally high frost resistance (down to –60 Cº), unpretentiousness to living conditions and tolerance to insufficient nutrition. A comparative assessment of the allele pool of Yakut cattle was carried out on subpopulations of 7 farms: “Sakkyryr” of the Eveno-Bytantaisky ulus, “Kylys” of the Gorny ulus, “Taastaakh” of the Namsky ulus, “Kullegi” of the Amginsky ulus, “Onkhoi” of the Verkhnevilyuysky ulus, “Akana” of the Nyurbinsky ulus and “ Symakh” Megino-Kangalassky ulus. In total, data on 898 heads of purebred Yakut cattle were analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, it was established that in all 15 microsatellite loci of Yakut cattle, polymorphism of alleles is widespread from 3 to 10. The most polymorphic is the TGLA53 locus, which has 10 alleles, despite this the number of effective alleles in this locus is only 2.76. Allele 160 (0.534) occurs with the highest frequency at this locus, and 188 (0.009) with the lowest frequency. In loci BM1818, INRA023, the smallest number of alleles was found – 3. Of all the analyzed loci, allele 256 of the SPS115 locus is observed with the highest frequency with an occurrence frequency of 0.733. The rarest alleles occurred with a frequency of 0.002 and 0.004. On average, the number of alleles per locus of indigenous Yakut cattle was 5.91 ± 0.46, which indicates a fairly high consolidation of the population of local purebred Yakut cattle and the lowest genetic diversity of the existing population of local cattle compared to cultivated breeds. A total of 90 alleles were identified in the Yakut cattle population.
Publisher
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Reference15 articles.
1. Romanov P.A., Okhrana i ispol’zovanie genofonda yakutskogo skota (Protection and use of the gene pool of Yakut cattle), Yakutsk: Bichik, 2020, 144 p.
2. Paronyan I.A., Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK, 2020, No. 6, pp. 79–83. (In Russ.)
3. Popov R.G., Popova N.V., Vestnik KrasGAU, 2020, No.6, pp. 150-159. (In Russ.)
4. Gorokhov N.I. Izuchenie i ispol’zovanie genofonda yakutskogo skota // Nauchnye issledovaniya po skotovodstvu v Yakutii (Study and use of the gene pool of Yakut cattle), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2000, 126 p.
5. Li M.H., Tapio I., Vilkki J. [et al.], The genetic structure of cattle populations (Bos taurus) in northern Eurasia and the neighbouring Near Eastern regions: implications for breeding strategies and conservation, Mol Ecol., 2007 Sep, Vol. 16 (18), pp. 3839–3853.