Efficiency of spring wheat seeds preparation by air separation

Abstract

The object of the study is the process of formation of the spring wheat harvest after sowing with seeds isolated at soaring speeds of 9, 10, 11 m/s. The purpose of the work is to improve the quality of seed material and spring wheat harvest based on pneumatic separation. During the research, using a Petkus K-293 laboratory pneumatic classifier, grain was separated into fractions at soaring speeds in the range of 9-11 m/s with a sampling step of 1 m/s. To determine the effect of seeds with different soaring speeds on the growth and development of plants, as well as on the yield and quality of the resulting grain, studies were carried out in the period from 2020 to 2023 on the basis of the educational and experimental agricultural station of the Altai State Agrarian University. The most common and zoned variety in the Altai region, the elite soft wheat variety Altai Zhnitsa, was chosen. Comparative sowings of spring wheat were carried out with fractions isolated at soaring speeds of 9, 10, 11 m/s. In the process of work, a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the seed material of spring wheat and its harvest was carried out, observations were also made of the phases of plant development during the growing season and the conditions of their growth. The main indicators of seed material are their specific gravity; during the processing of the results, a linear relationship between the specific gravity of seeds and their yield was observed. The technology of seed preparation by pneumatic classification can be introduced into production after additional clarifying studies on differentiating the seeding rate within one selected fraction.