Affiliation:
1. Novosibirsk State Agrarian University; MZhK “Alva-pharm” (LLC)
2. Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Abstract
The goal of the work was to establish the influence of spring wheat precursors and preparations for pre-sowing seed treatment on the parasitic activity of Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium fungi. The studies were conducted in 2021–2023 in the Ob region forest-steppe in the agricultural enterprise MZhK “Alvapharm” (LLC) in the Novosibirsk region on the Novosibirskaya 31 variety, we used generally accepted and proprietary methods. During the years of the study, spring wheat in all variants was affected by root rot above the threshold of harmfulness. The development of root rot reached 9.6 PV. The influence of the “year” factor on the development of root rot of seedlings was 42.2 %, the “treatment” factor was 21.4 %, and the “predecessor” factor was 8.8 %. The incidence of root rot in the phase of full ripeness on average over 3 years was minimal for the steam predecessor – 33.8 %, which is 7.3 % less than for winter rye. The strength of influence of the “predecessor” factor on disease incidence at the end of the growing season was 41.1 %, the “treatment” factor was 8.5 %, and the relationship between the “year” and “predecessor” factors was 38.1 %. Seed treatment showed average efficiency for all options: 47.1–59.4 % in the germination phase and 3.0–19.0 % in the full ripeness phase. The etiology of root rots was represented by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. and Fusarium Link. fungi. The ratio of phytopathogens on underground organs was determined by the conditions of the year, plant organs and precursors and ranged across variants from 0.8 : 1 to complete dominance of Fusarium fungi. The conditions of the year influenced the biological diversity of root rot micromycetes. On primary roots, the strength of the influence of year conditions on the biological diversity of phytopathogens was 48.2%, on the base of the stem – 60.7% and was significant at 5 and 1% significance levels, respectively. The soil suppressiveness to phytopathogens for all precursors was from moderate to strong and reached 83.3 % for B. sorokiniana and 78.0 % for F. oxysporum; phytosanitary precursors (fallow, vicooats) significantly increased the soil suppressiveness for phytopathogens compared to grain predecessor.
Publisher
Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
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