BREEDING AND INDUSTRIAL GROUPS OF FULL-AGING COWS OF RED STEP BREED

Abstract

An assessment of the population of red steppe breed cows by exterior and productive characteristics in the formation of production groups allocated for the degree of development of live weight, assessment of the exterior, milk yield, milk fat, milk fat, kg. The following selection parameters were calculated: for live weight - selection group X≥595 kg, production 595> X≥514 kg, marriage X<514; assessment of the exterior – selection group X≥9,46, production 9,46> X≥7,78, marriage X<7,78; for a milk yield for 305 days of lactation, a selection group X≥4481 kg, production 4481> X≥2829 kg, marriage X <2829 kg; milk fat content – selection group X≥4,35 kg, production 4,35> X≥3,99 kg, marriage X<3,99; milk fat - selection group X≥186 kg, production group 186> X≥118kg, marriage X<118 kg. Comparative assessment of the herd shows that animals of the breeding group in live weight by 18,7% exceed the breed standard, in milk yield by 8,7%, in milk fat 20,7%. Evaluation of animal grouping by milk yield shows that cows of a selection group exceed the breed standard by live weight by 6,1%, milk yield by 38,5%, milk fat by 54,3% Animals of the breeding group for milk fat exceed the breed standard by 6,1% in live weight, 36%, in milk yield, in milk fat 53,8%. The selection of the breeding group by body weight contributes to the formation of an array of animals of tall, stretched type with increased milk yield and milk fat. Cows with high milk yield differ from their peers in their greater body weight, milk yield index and milk fat productivity, and have a stretched and wide-grip physique. Uterus with high productivity in milk fat differ from their peers in greater body weight, milk yield, milk yield index, and have a more stretched constitution. For most of the identified dependencies, a significant difference was noted between the traits of different breeding groups. It should be noted that, regardless of the choice of the main feature, there is a tendency to form an array of animals that are distinguished by tall and stretched physique.