1. Scottish Oceans Institute and Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, East Sands, KY16 8LB, UK
2. Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro 3810, Portugal
3. CREEM, University of St Andrews, The Observatory, Buchanan Gardens, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9LZ, UK
4. Institute of Statistics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan 30043
5. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
6. Department of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
7. Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Treliever Road, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, UK
8. Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
9. Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
10. School of Biology and Ecology and Sustainability Solutions Initiative, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
11. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 1Z4
12. Center for Applied Mathematics, Ecole Polytechnique, UMR 7641 CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau, France
13. Marine Spatial Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
14. Centre for Geobiology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
15. Centre de recherche INRIA Grenoble - Rhone-Alpes, Inovallée, 655 avenue de l'Europe, Montbonnot, 38 334 Saint Ismier Cedex France
16. Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1