1. Department of Geography, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 445 Saunders Hall, 2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
2. NOAA Biogeography Branch, 1305 East-West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
3. Department of Biology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Edmondson Hall, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
4. Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California at Santa Barbara, 2400 Bren Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131, USA
5. Center for Ocean Solutions, Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, 99 Pacific Street, Suite 555E, Monterey, CA 93940, USA
6. Department of Oceanography, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 1000 Pope Road, Marine Science Building 205, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA