Temperate marine protected area provides recruitment subsidies to local fisheries

Author:

Le Port A.123ORCID,Montgomery J. C.14ORCID,Smith A. N. H.5ORCID,Croucher A. E.6ORCID,McLeod I. M.2ORCID,Lavery S. D.14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Marine Science, Leigh Marine laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand

2. TropWATER, Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia

3. Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia

4. School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand

5. Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand

6. Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract

The utility of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a means of protecting exploited species and conserving biodiversity within MPA boundaries is supported by strong empirical evidence. However, the potential contribution of MPAs to fished populations beyond their boundaries is still highly controversial; empirical measures are scarce and modelling studies have produced a range of predictions, including both positive and negative effects. Using a combination of genetic parentage and relatedness analysis, we measured larval subsidies to local fisheries replenishment for Australasian snapper ( Chrysophrys auratus : Sparidae) from a small (5.2 km 2 ), well-established, temperate, coastal MPA in northern New Zealand. Adult snapper within the MPA contributed an estimated 10.6% (95% CI: 5.5–18.1%) of newly settled juveniles to surrounding areas (approx. 400 km 2 ), with no decreasing trend in contributions up to 40 km away. Biophysical modelling of larval dispersal matched experimental data, showing larvae produced inside the MPA dispersed over a comparable distance. These results demonstrate that temperate MPAs have the potential to provide recruitment subsidies at magnitudes and spatial scales relevant to fisheries management. The validated biophysical model provides a cost-efficient opportunity to generalize these findings to other locations and climate conditions, and potentially informs the design of MPA networks for enhancing fisheries management.

Funder

Thanksgiving Foundation

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Environmental Science,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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