Novel spikey ionocytes are regulated by cortisol in the skin of an amphibious fish

Author:

Ridgway Megan R.1ORCID,Tunnah Louise1,Bernier Nicholas J.1ORCID,Wilson Jonathan M.2ORCID,Wright Patricia A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada

2. Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada

Abstract

Cortisol is a major osmoregulatory hormone in fishes. Cortisol acts upon the gills, the primary site of ionoregulation, through modifications to specialized ion-transporting cells called ionocytes. We tested the hypothesis that cortisol also acts as a major regulator of skin ionocyte remodelling in the amphibious mangrove rivulus ( Kryptolebias marmoratus ) when gill function ceases during the water-to-land transition. When out of water, K. marmoratus demonstrated a robust cortisol response, which was linked with the remodelling of skin ionocytes to increase cell cross-sectional area and Na + -K + -ATPase (NKA) content, but not when cortisol synthesis was chemically inhibited by metyrapone. Additionally, we discovered a novel morphology of skin-specific ionocyte that are spikey with multiple cell processes. Spikey ionocytes increased in density, cell cross-sectional area and NKA content during air exposure, but not in metyrapone-treated fish. Our findings demonstrate that skin ionocyte remodelling during the water-to-land transition in amphibious fish is regulated by cortisol, the same hormone that regulates gill ionocyte remodelling in salinity-challenged teleosts, suggesting conserved hormonal function across diverse environmental disturbances and organs in fishes.

Funder

National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Environmental Science,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

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