Relict from the Jurassic: new family of brittle-stars from a New Caledonian seamount

Author:

O'Hara Timothy D.1ORCID,Thuy Ben2,Hugall Andrew F.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Sciences, Museums Victoria, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia

2. Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum of Luxembourg, 24 Rue Münster, 2160 Luxembourg, Luxembourg

Abstract

The deep-seafloor in the tropical Indo-Pacific harbours a rich and diverse benthic fauna with numerous palaeoendemics. Here, we describe a new species, genus and family of brittle-star (Ophiuroidea) from a single eight-armed specimen collected from a depth between 360 and 560 m on Banc Durand, a seamount east of New Caledonia. Leveraging a robust, fossil-calibrated (265 kbp DNA) phylogeny for the Ophiuroidea, we estimate the new lineage diverged from other ophiacanthid families in the Late Triassic or Jurassic (median = 187–178 Myr, 95% CI = 215–143 Myr), a period of elevated diversification for this group. We further report very similar microfossil remains from Early Jurassic (180 Myr) sediments of Normandy, France. The discovery of a new ancient lineage in the relatively well-known Ophiuroidea indicates the importance of ongoing taxonomic research in the deep-sea, an environment increasingly threatened by human activities.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Environmental Science,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine

Reference42 articles.

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3. The phylogenetic position of the ‘living fossils’ Neoglyphea and Laurentaeglyphea (Decapoda: Glypheidea)

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5. Dark Ophiuroid Biodiversity in a Prospective Abyssal Mine Field

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