A pro-BMP function exerted by Rhodnius prolixus short gastrulation reveals great diversity in the role of BMP modulators during embryonic patterning

Author:

Berni M.12ORCID,Mota J.13ORCID,Bressan D.1ORCID,Ribeiro L.4ORCID,Martins G.13ORCID,Pereira J.5,Ramos I.52ORCID,Nunes-da-Fonseca R.42ORCID,Araujo H.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brazil (INCT-EM)

3. Post-graduate Program in Morphological Sciences (PCM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

4. Institute of Biodiversity and Sustainability (NUPEM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro

5. Institute for Medical Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Dorsal–ventral (DV) patterning is regulated by the bone morphogenetic pathway (BMP) in Bilateria. In insect DV patterning, the Toll pathway also plays a role, in addition to BMPs. Variations in the relative importance of each pathway for DV patterning have been reported using single species of coleopteran, hymenopteran, hemipteran and orthopteran insects. To investigate if the molecular control of DV patterning is conserved inside an insect order, the emergent model hemiptera species Rhodnius prolixus was studied. We found that R. prolixus BMP pathway controls the entire DV axis, with a broader effect respective to Toll, as shown for the hemiptera Oncopeltus fasciatus. Different from O. fasciatus , the unique R. prolixus short gastrulation ( sog ) and the twisted gastrulation ( tsg ) orthologues do not antagonize, but rather favour embryonic BMP signalling. Our results reinforce the hypothesis that hemiptera rely preferentially on BMPs for DV patterning but that, surprisingly, in R. prolixus Sog and Tsg proteins exert only a positive role to establish a dorsal-to-ventral BMP gradient. Since sog has been reported to be lost from orthopteran and hymenopteran genomes, our results indicate that Sog's role to modify BMP activity varies greatly in different insect species.

Funder

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Immunology,General Neuroscience

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