Insertion of proteins and lipopolysaccharide into the bacterial outer membrane

Author:

Botos Istvan1,Noinaj Nicholas2,Buchanan Susan K.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA

2. Markey Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA

Abstract

The bacterial outer membrane contains phospholipids in the inner leaflet and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer leaflet. Both proteins and LPS must be frequently inserted into the outer membrane to preserve its integrity. The protein complex that inserts LPS into the outer membrane is called LptDE, and consists of an integral membrane protein, LptD, with a separate globular lipoprotein, LptE, inserted in the barrel lumen. The protein complex that inserts newly synthesized outer-membrane proteins (OMPs) into the outer membrane is called the BAM complex, and consists of an integral membrane protein, BamA, plus four lipoproteins, BamB, C, D and E. Recent structural and functional analyses illustrate how these two complexes insert their substrates into the outer membrane by distorting the membrane component (BamA or LptD) to directly access the lipid bilayer. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Membrane pores: from structure and assembly, to medicine and technology’.

Funder

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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