Islands in the sea: extreme female natal site fidelity in the Australian sea lion,Neophoca cinerea

Author:

Campbell R.A1,Gales N.J2,Lento G.M3,Baker C.S3

Affiliation:

1. Zoology Department, University of Western AustraliaHackett Drive, Nedlands, Western Australia 6907, Australia

2. Australian Antarctic DivisionChannel Highway, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia

3. School of Biological Sciences, University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019 Auckland, New Zealand

Abstract

Pinnipeds (seals, fur seals, sea lions and walrus) form large breeding aggregations with females often remaining faithful to a natal site or area. In these cases, females are philopatric to regional areas on broad geographical scales of hundreds to thousands of kilometres. An investigation of variation in a control region sequence of mtDNA in the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea) has shown a case of extreme female natal site fidelity that has resulted in almost fixed population differentiation across its range (ΦST=0.93). This high level of population subdivision over short geographical distances (approx. 60 km) is unparalleled in any social marine mammal and reflects the unique life-history traits of this rare species. The high level of population subdivision and exclusive female natal site fidelity has important ramifications for conservation management, and poses many interesting questions of both academic and applied interest.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)

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