Affiliation:
1. Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
2. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
Abstract
Progress made in the last two decades in chemical vapour deposition technology has enabled the production of inexpensive, high-quality coatings made from diamond to become a scientific and commercial reality. Two properties of diamond make it a highly desirable candidate material for biomedical applications: first, it is bioinert, meaning that there is minimal immune response when diamond is implanted into the body, and second, its electrical conductivity can be altered in a controlled manner, from insulating to near-metallic.
In vitro,
diamond can be used as a substrate upon which a range of biological cells can be cultured.
In vivo
, diamond thin films have been proposed as coatings for implants and prostheses. Here, we review a large body of data regarding the use of diamond substrates for
in vitro
cell culture. We also detail more recent work exploring diamond-coated implants with the main targets being bone and neural tissue. We conclude that diamond emerges as one of the major new biomaterials of the twenty-first century that could shape the way medical treatment will be performed, especially when invasive procedures are required.
Funder
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
Subject
Biomedical Engineering,Biochemistry,Biomaterials,Bioengineering,Biophysics,Biotechnology
Cited by
68 articles.
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