Abstract
A novel rolling-contact experiment has been devised with the object of making direct observations of viscoelastic behaviour of elastohydrodynamic lubricant films. A ‘point contact' disk machine has been used which permits the axes of the disks to be either tilted or skewed through small angles relative to each other. Tilt subjects the film to cyclic shear while skew subjects it to unidirectional shear. By measuring and comparing the resultant shear forces developed by the film in each case, its viscoelastic properties can be deduced. Experiments at 23 °C with a high-viscosity mineral oil revealed viscoelastic behaviour above a contact pressure of about 0.5 GPa. In the pressure range 1.0 to 2.0 GPa the effective elastic shear modulus of the oil was found to vary from 0.1 to 1.0 GPa. At a pressure of 0.8 GPa the oil exhibited a viscoelastic transition in the temperature range 70 to 30 °C. The investigation was restricted to small shear strains for which the behaviour is linear.
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