Affiliation:
1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
Abstract
In the past few decades, the placenta became a very controversial topic that has had many researchers and pharmacists discussing the significance of the effects of pharmaceutical drug intake and how it is a possible leading cause towards birth defects. The creation of an
in vitro
microengineered model of the placenta can be used to replicate the interactions between the mother and fetus, specifically pharmaceutical drug intake reactions. As the field of nanotechnology significantly continues growing, nanotechnology will become more apparent in the study of medicine and other scientific disciplines, specifically microengineering applications. This review is based on past and current research that compares the feasibility and testing of the placenta-on-a-chip microengineered model to the previous and underdeveloped
in vivo
and
ex vivo
approaches. The testing of the practicality and effectiveness of the
in vitro
,
in vivo
and
ex vivo
models requires the experimentation of prominent pharmaceutical drugs that most mothers consume during pregnancy. In this case, these drugs need to be studied and tested more often. However, there are challenges associated with the
in vitro
,
in vivo
and
ex vivo
processes when developing a practical placental model, which are discussed in further detail.
Subject
Biomedical Engineering,Biomaterials,Biochemistry,Bioengineering,Biophysics,Biotechnology
Cited by
62 articles.
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