Classification of bi-Hamiltonian pairs extended by isometries

Author:

Pavlov Maxim V.1,Vergallo Pierandrea23,Vitolo Raffaele23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mathematical Physics, Lebedev Physical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskij Prospekt 53, Moscow, Russia

2. Department of Mathematics and Physics ‘E. De Giorgi’, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy

3. INFN, Section of Lecce, Italy

Abstract

The aim of this article is to classify pairs of the first-order Hamiltonian operators of Dubrovin–Novikov type such that one of them has a non-local part defined by an isometry of its leading coefficient. An example of such a bi-Hamiltonian pair was recently found for the constant astigmatism equation. We obtain a classification in the case of two dependent variables, and a significant new example with three dependent variables that is an extension of a hydrodynamic-type system obtained from a particular solution of the Witten–Dijkgraaf–Verlinde–Verlinde equations.

Funder

RFBR

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

Università del Salento

Istituto Nazionale di Alta Matematica “Francesco Severi”

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,General Mathematics

Reference15 articles.

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2. Mokhov OI. 1998 Symplectic and Poisson geometry on loop spaces of smooth manifolds and integrable equations. In Reviews in mathematics and mathematical physics vol. 11 (eds SP Novikov IM Krichever) pp. 1–128. New York NY: Harwood Academic Publishers.

3. A simple model of the integrable Hamiltonian equation

4. Dubrovin B. 1998 Flat pencils of metrics and Frobenius manifolds. In Proc. 1997 Taniguchi Symp. on Integrable Systems and Algebraic Geometry (eds M-H Saito Y Shimizu K Ueno) pp. 42–72. Singapore: World Scientific. (https://people.sissa.it/dubrovin/bd_papers.html).

5. Nonlocal Hamiltonian operators of hydrodynamic type: differential geometry and applications;Ferapontov EV;Am. Math. Soc. Transl.,1995

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