Photonic hybrid state entanglement swapping using cat state superpositions

Author:

Parker Ryan C.1ORCID,Joo Jaewoo2,Spiller Timothy P.1

Affiliation:

1. York Centre for Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK

2. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, UK

Abstract

We propose the use of hybrid entanglement in an entanglement swapping protocol, as means of distributing a Bell state with high fidelity to two parties. The hybrid entanglement used in this work is described as a discrete variable (Fock state) and a continuous variable (cat state super- position) entangled state. We model equal and unequal levels of photonic loss between the two propagating continuous variable modes, before detecting these states via a projective vacuum-one-photon measurement, and the other mode via balanced homodyne detection. We investigate homodyne measurement imperfections, and the associated success probability of the measurement schemes chosen in this protocol. We show that our entanglement swapping scheme is resilient to low levels of photonic losses, as well as low levels of averaged unequal losses between the two propagating modes, and show an improvement in this loss resilience over other hybrid entanglement schemes using coherent state superpositions as the propagating modes. Finally, we conclude that our protocol is suitable for potential quantum networking applications which require two nodes to share entanglement separated over a distance of 5 -- 10 km , when used with a suitable entanglement purification scheme.

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,General Mathematics

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