Cavity solitons in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Abstract

We investigate a control of the motion of localized structures (LSs) of light by means of delay feedback in the transverse section of a broad area nonlinear optical system. The delayed feedback is found to induce a spontaneous motion of a solitary LS that is stationary and stable in the absence of feedback. We focus our analysis on an experimentally relevant system, namely the vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). We first present an experimental demonstration of the appearance of LSs in a 80 μm aperture VCSEL. Then, we theoretically investigate the self-mobility properties of the LSs in the presence of a time-delayed optical feedback and analyse the effect of the feedback phase and the carrier lifetime on the delay-induced spontaneous drift instability of these structures. We show that these two parameters affect strongly the space–time dynamics of two-dimensional LSs. We derive an analytical formula for the threshold associated with drift instability of LSs and a normal form equation describing the slow time evolution of the speed of the moving structure.