Placing our current ‘hyperthermal’ in the context of rapid climate change in our geological past

Abstract

‘…there are known knowns. These are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns. That is to say, there are things that we know we don't know. But there are also unknown unknowns. There are things we don't know we don't know.’ Donald Rumsfeld 12th February 2002. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Hyperthermals: rapid and extreme global warming in our geological past’.