The magnetic cage

Author:

Nasr E.1ORCID,Wimbush S. C.1ORCID,Noonan P.1,Harris P.1,Gowland R.1ORCID,Petrov A.1

Affiliation:

1. United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, Culham Campus , Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, UK

Abstract

The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) requires high-field magnet designs and has therefore adopted the REBCO-based high-temperature superconductor (HTS) as its current carrier. The HTS enables the toroidal field (TF) coils to be remountable, which unlocks STEP’s vertical maintenance approach; however, remountable joints, approximately 18 GJ of stored energy and limited space down the centre of a spherical tokamak, make the TF coils the most challenging. STEP has pursued a passive approach to TF coil quench protection in order to limit coil terminal voltage. Initial results suggest that a solution may rely on tuning internal coil resistance coupled with actively powered heaters. The pre-conceptual inter-coil structure demonstrates acceptable stresses and deflections under steady-state operating conditions and preliminary fault scenarios, and loads are distributed to limit the tensile force on the TF centre rod. Finally, the HTS must operate reliably in a high radiation environment and endure high neutron fluences, ensuring commercially relevant magnet lifetimes. Initial experiments indicate that instantaneous gamma irradiation of HTS has no negative impact on current carrying capacity. Experimental programmes are underway to cold irradiate HTS to fusion-relevant fluences and to develop a method of assuring tape irradiation tolerance using oxygen ions as an analogue for neutrons. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Delivering Fusion Energy – The Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)’.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Cited by 6 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Plasma burn—mind the gap;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2024-08-26

2. Unlocking maintenance—architecting STEP for maintenance and realizing remountable magnet joints;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2024-08-26

3. Digital: accelerating the pathway;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2024-08-26

4. Staying positive: producing net power;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2024-08-26

5. Concept design overview: a question of choices and compromise;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2024-08-26

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