Affiliation:
1. Departamento de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas S/N, 23071 Jaén, Spain
Abstract
Hybrids provide an interesting model to study the evolution of sex-determining genes and sex chromosome systems as they offer the opportunity to see how independently evolving sex-determining pathways interact
in vivo
. In this context, the genus
Xenopus
represents a stimulating model, since species with non-homologous sex chromosomes and different sex-determining genes have been identified. In addition, the possibility of interspecies breeding is favoured in this group, which arose by alloploidization events, with species ploidy ranging from 2
n
= 2
x
= 20 in
X. tropicalis
(the only diploid representative of the genus) to 2
n
= 12
x
= 108 in
X. ruwenzoriensis
. To study how two sex-determining genes interact
in vivo
,
X. laevis
×
X. tropicali
s hybrids were produced. Gonadal differentiation in these hybrids revealed that the
dm-w
gene is dominant over
X. tropicalis
male-determining sex chromosomes (Y or Z), even though the Y chromosome is dominant in
X. tropicalis
(Y > W>Z). In the absence of the
dm-w
gene (the Z chromosome from
X. laevis
is present), the W chromosome from
X. tropicalis
is able to trigger ovarian development. Testicular differentiation will take place in the absence of W chromosomes from any of the parental species. The dominance/recessivity relationships between these sex-determining loci in the context of either parental genome remains unknown.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenging the paradigm in sex chromosome evolution: empirical and theoretical insights with a focus on vertebrates (Part II)’.
Funder
Universidad de Jaén
Junta de Andalucía
Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación
Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Cited by
3 articles.
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1. Expanding the classical paradigm: what we have learnt from vertebrates about sex chromosome evolution;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences;2021-07-26
2. Preface;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences;2021-07-12
3. Testis Development and Differentiation in Amphibians;Genes;2021-04-16