Abstract
The properties of axially symmetric electrodynamic balances are studied using analytic and numerical techniques. The levitation ability and stability characteristics of several balance configurations are determined. A unified theory for the stability characteristics of all electrodynamic balances which have a non-vanishing quadrupole field term is derived. Procedures are proposed to optimize the balance shape for stably levitating particles of maximal mass to charge ratio. The lack of a unique optimum balance shape is demonstrated.
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