Abstract
Paramagnetic resonance has been observed in Mn
2+
, Eu
2+
and Gd
3+
ions in single crystals of calcium fluoride grown from the melt. The Mn
2+
ion has a very small cubic-field Stark splitting (
a
= + 0.6 ± 0.4 x 10
-4
cm
-1
), and a fluorine hyperfine structure of overall splitting of about 60G due to some covalent bonding with the fluorine ligands. The Eu
2+
spectrum has cubic symmetry with splitting parameters
b
4
= 57.9 + 0.2,
b
6
= 0.5 + 0.2 ( x 10
-4
cm
-1
), but the Gd
3+
spectrum has tetragonal symmetry with much larger Stark splittings; neither ion shows a resolved fluorine structure. The manganese and europium hyperfine structures are closely the same as in other salts with small covalent bonding.
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