Abstract
Characteristics of Newtonian and non-Newtonian rheological systems were summarized and the apparatus used in the present investigation described. The method consists, essentially, of forcing the fluids through pipes of various lengths and diameters and measuring the pressure losses corresponding to different rates of flow. A detailed study of the pressure expenditure at the entry was made. It was found that, compared with entry losses of Newtonian systems, the entry losses with non-Newtonian systems were large and complex.