Synthesis and Characterizations of TiO2/Carbon Nanofibers Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications

Abstract

The integration of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with carbon fibers leads to the formation of a stable structure and a synergistic effect, resulting in improved conductivity and electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries. Various techniques such as the hydrothermal method, ultrasonic mixing method, and electrospinning technology are used to achieve uniform distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles within the high-conductivity carbon fiber matrix, thereby preventing agglomeration and electrolyte corrosion. The resulting material serves as a high-performance negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. Compared with the TiO2/CNFs composite (U-TiO2/CNFs) prepared by directly mixing TiO2 nanoparticles into the spinning solution through ultrasonic treatment, the TiO2/CNFs composite (H–TiO2/CNFs) prepared by hydrolyzing tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) has more uniform distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles, so it shows more excellent electrochemical performance. The initial discharge specific capacity at 0.1 C is 231 mAh· g−1, and after 300 cycles at 0.2 C, there is still 204 mAh· g−1 reversible capacity, the coulombic efficiency can reach 99%.