Quantitative Determination of Triiodothyronine by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Biosensor Using Gold Nanoparticle-Modified Electrode

Abstract

A label-free electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of Triiodothyronine—a thyroid hormone that functions as the biomarker for monitoring for thyroid dysfunction was developed. The gold nanoparticle-modified electrode was employed to achieve the sensitive determination of Triiodothyronine at a low concentration level. The gold nanoparticle layer on the gold electrode was generated by chronoamperometry method and its resulting characteristics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Redox probe [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− and electrochemical impedance spec-troscopy was used for both evaluation of the immobilization of anti-Triiodothyronine antibody on the electrode surface and quantitative determination of target Triiodothyronine in different concentrations. The electrode with absorbed antibodies showed significant changes in charge transfer resistance upon binding the antigen, which resulted in an increase in normalized impedance change as the addition of antigen concentrations over a dynamic linear range of 0.01–100 ng/ml. These results indicated that the proposed immunosensor could be a potential alternative method for determination of Triiodothyronine in clinics with the advantage of low cost and less time-consuming.