Wear and surface roughness of commercially available computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing dental ceramic materials

Abstract

The study evaluated in vitro two-body wear and surface roughness of the recently introduced CAD/CAM dental materials. Pin-on-disk design was set against each other horizontally at a fixed distance with 5 kg (49 N) in distilled water. CAD/CAM materials used were: Feldspathic ceramic (Vitablocks Mark II), lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD), hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) and zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic (Vita Suprinity PC). Wear evaluation before and after the chewing cycles were performed by two approaches: weight and vertical height measurements. The surface roughness of the tested materials was further evaluated after chewing cycles. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences among the mean values of the materials’ vertical height loss and surface roughness (P < 0.05). However, in weight loss, no statistical differences were observed. The highest vertical height loss was observed in feldspathic ceramic while the lowest vertical height loss was recorded in zirconia-reinforced glass ceramic. Feldspathetic ceramic demonstrated the least surface roughness among all the groups. Feldspathic ceramic had a significantly least wear resistance and surface roughness, while Zirconia reinforced glass ceramic (VITA Suprinity PC) had a significantly higher wear resistance and acceptable surface roughness among tested groups.