Multiscale analysis, mechanical properties and strength of hydrophobic paper sludge

Abstract

In order to combat the damaging environmental effects of cement production and the depletion of natural resources, a sustainable concrete company must develop alternative binders. This study investigates the use of hydrophobic paper sludge ash as a partial cement substitute in new concrete. The primary chemical components of the hydrophobic paper sludge ash were determined using energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis and Fourier transforms infrared. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry are used to analyse the hydration and pozzolanic reaction in concrete in relation to the amount of hydrophobic paper sludge ash substituted for cement. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to examine the microstructures of concrete mixtures. There is also discussion of how the properties of hydrophobic paper sludge ash concrete affect its usability, mechanical strength, sorptivity, and water absorption.