JAM-A-Modified ADSCs-Derived Exosomes Encapsulating miRNA Promote Wound Healing by Mediating Fibroblast Function

Abstract

This study investigates the role of JAM-A-modified adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes encapsulating miRNAs in promoting wound healing by mediating fibroblast function. The effects of JAM-A-modified exosomes (JAMA-Exos) containing miR-21-3p, miR-152-3p, and miR-486-5p were examined on fibroblast migration, proliferation, and collagen expression in vitro. Scalded skin mouse models were used to assess the impact of these miRNA-encapsulated exosomes on skin healing. JAM-A-Exos modified by these miRNAs enhanced fibroblast migration, proliferation, and collagen production in vitro, with miR-21-3p having the most significant effect. In vivo, treatment with JAM-A-Exos containing these miRNAs greatly improved wound healing, reduced apoptosis, and increased collagen synthesis in the injured skin. MiR-21-3p showed the strongest promoting effect, and its impact gradually decreased after day 7 of treatment. These findings suggest that JAM-A-Exos modified with miR-21-3p, miR-152-3p, and miR-486-5p can effectively enhance wound healing by mediating fibroblast function and up-regulating collagen expression, offering a potential therapeutic option for skin wounds in clinical practice.