Innovative Surface Nano Zinc Oxide Coatings: A Breakthrough in Grape Preservation, Enriching Phytochemicals, and Mitigating Fungal Contamination for Enhanced Nutritional Quality

Author:

Al-Meshal Areej Suliman1,Al-Zahrani Maryam H.2,Sami Rokayya3,Alshehry Garsa3,Alnemari Nimah3,Algopishi Uthman Balgith4,Alharthi Sarah5,Noorwali Essra A.6,Almehmadi Awatif M.6,AL-Surhanee Ameena A.7,Baazeem Alaa8,Abushal Suzan A.9,Helal Mahmoud10,Bedaiwi Ruqaiah I.11,Baakdah Fadi12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

2. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

3. Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

6. Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 715, Makkah, 24382, Saudi Arabia

7. Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

8. Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

9. Program of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia

10. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

11. Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, SA

12. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study explores the transformative impact of the innovative surface nano zinc oxide coatings on grapes, emphasizing their influence on postharvest attributes, phytochemical composition, and fungal population. Distinct coating formulations, including distilled water (Control), chitosan (C), chitosan-nano zinc oxide (C-NZO), and chitosan-nano zinc oxide with the addition of essential oils (C-NZO-EO), were applied to fresh grapes. Results unveiled that the C-NZO-EO treatment positively impacted potassium, calcium, and magnesium levels. Control samples exhibited the highest acidity (3.8), while C-NZO-EO demonstrated superior visual rachis scores (3.41). Anthocyanidin analysis revealed elevated values especially for C-NZO-EO-treated grapes. Fungal populations were significantly reduced in samples treated with C-NZO-EO to reach (3.44 CFU/g). In conclusion, coating with C-NZO-EO emerged as a highly effective strategy for grape preservation, offering enhanced nutritional quality and fungal resistance.

Publisher

American Scientific Publishers

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