Review on the Effects of High Heeled on Body Posture Based on Medical Images

Abstract

Purpose: From a motor control perspective, the balance and propulsion are needed to proceed smoothly, and using high heeled shoes based on two conditions led to more difficult and complex gait. High heeled alter the natural form of body and present a chain reaction of disadvantageous affected that throughout the entire body from the toe to spine. Therefore, the purpose of this review provides a comprehensive guide of understanding HH gait. Methods: Electronic database which includes PubMed, Embase, Medline, Amed, and Cinahl were searched for controlled trials comparing high heeled shoes with barefoot or flat shoes, which include changes of the lower limb and upper limb. The kinematic change of body was the primary outcome measure. The comparison was conducted with mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. Result: Major findings were focused on the joint of the ankle, knee, hip, pelvis, and spine. The results of collecting articles show that a significant difference in ankle and knee joint during the gait when high heels and barefoot are compared. There are still conflicting results in terms of lumbar lordosis, and few studies indicate that the pelvic anteversion increased significantly. Conclusion: On direction for future research should establish an effective method to estimate the result of the HH effect on body posture.